La giurisprudenza sui diritti delle persone con disabilità - anno 2025 - terzo rapporto annuale

Authors

Giuseppe Arconzo, University of Milan; Gaia Patarini, University of Milan; Federica Sammali, University of Milan; Beatrice Esposito, University of Milan; Sara del Grosso, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"; Paola Pannia, University of Milan; Martina Fosca Rosa Brancale
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54103/milanoup.314

Keywords:

Rights of people with disabilities, Reasonable accommodations, Anti-discrimination protections, Accessibility, Inclusive education, Inclusive employment

Synopsis

The Human Hall Legal Observatory’s Report on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities provides an analysis of the most significant decisions of 2025, tracing their main trends.

The study examines over 2,000 decisions relating to key areas of protection: determination of disability status, life planning, accessibility, the right to education and employment, caregivers, supportive administration, cost-sharing, and the rights of foreign persons with disabilities.

A picture emerges marked by persistent challenges in the effective implementation of rights, particularly in the areas of educational and workplace inclusion. The scale of the litigation confirms that the full participation of people with disabilities requires not only the formal recognition of rights, but also their concrete enforceability in the various contexts of life.

 

 

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Author Biographies

Giuseppe Arconzo, University of Milan

Giuseppe Arconzo is Full Professor of Constitutional Law at the University of Milan, where he teaches Constitutional Law and the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. He is the scientific coordinator of the Human Hall Permanent Legal Observatory on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and serves as the Delegate of the Mayor of the Municipality of Milan for Accessibility Policies.

Gaia Patarini, University of Milan

Gaia Patarini graduated with honors from the University of Milan in April 2023, with a thesis on disability rights entitled “Reasonable Accommodation as a Tool for Inclusion of Workers with Disabilities”. She is currently a PhD candidate in the national PNRR program “Image, Language, Figure”, curriculum “Social Inclusion”. Her research focuses on the adaptation of Italian legislation to the standards set by the 2006 UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

Federica Sammali, University of Milan

Federica Sammali holds a degree in European Studies from Aarhus University. She is a PhD fellow in the national PNRR program “Image, Language, Figure: Forms and Modes of Mediation”, within the “Social Inclusion” curriculum. Her PhD project, co-funded by Fondazione Triulza, examines the relationship between social and economic sustainability, analysing the synergies between social entrepreneurship and large corporations in addressing inequalities, fostering innovation, and advancing inclusion.

Beatrice Esposito, University of Milan

Beatrice Esposito graduated from the University of Milan in April 2024 with a thesis on migration law, focusing on European borders and Schengen reform. She completed legal traineeship at Studio Diritti e Lavoro, working on labour, migration and anti-discrimination law. Since October 2025 she has been collaborating with the Disability Human Hall Observatory within her PhD programme, co-funded by CBM Italia ETS.

Sara del Grosso, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"

Sara del Grosso is an administrative officer at AGENAS – Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services and a lawyer. She obtained a National PhD in “Public Administration and Innovation for Disability and Social Inclusion” at the University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”. Her research focuses on healthcare administrative law and the rights of persons with disabilities.

Paola Pannia, University of Milan

Researcher in Comparative Public Law at the Department of Italian and Supranational Public Law, University of Milan. Her research focuses primarily on immigration law, the protection of cultural minorities, and judicial reasoning, approached from a comparative perspective. She holds a PhD in "Person and Legal Protections" from the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies in Pisa, and has held research positions at the University of Florence as well as consultancy roles with UNHCR and the NGO Defence for Children, participating in numerous national and international research projects on children's rights, the rights of migrants, and immigration governance. She has published several peer-reviewed articles on these topics and, in 2021, the monograph "La diversità rivendicata. Giudici, diritti e culture tra Italia e Regno Unito. Uno studio comparato"("Claiming Diversity: Judges, rights and cultures between Italy and the United Kingdom. A Comparative Study"), Wolters Kluwer. She has been a visiting researcher at King's College London, City University of London, and the University of Utrecht at University College Roosevelt. Admitted to the bar since 2012, she volunteers at the legal advice clinic of the Associazione Progetto Arcobaleno.

Martina Fosca Rosa Brancale

Martina Fosca Rosa Bracale graduated with honours from Università degli Studi di Milano in October 2025, with a thesis entitled “The Principle of Non-Discrimination in the European Union: A Focus on Non-Discrimination on the Grounds of Disability.” She is currently collaborating with the Observatory Human Hall on the rights of persons with disabilities and is completing her legal traineeship at Diritti e Lavoro, a law firm specialising in labour law, immigration law, and anti-discrimination law.

References

Cover of the book La giurisprudenza sui diritti delle persone con disabilità

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Published

June 22, 2026

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ISBN-13 (15)

979-12-5510-468-1

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ISBN-13 (15)

979-12-5510-470-4