L’Intelligenza Artificiale negli enti locali

Authors

Danilo Bruschi (ed)
Università degli Studi di Milano
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5905-5976
Alfio Ferrara (ed)
Università degli Studi di Milano
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4991-4984
Marzio de Corato (ed)
Università degli Studi di Milano
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1966-6657
Silvana Castano (ed)
Università degli Studi di Milano
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-2407

Keywords:

public administration, local government, artificial intelligence, digital transformation, technology adoption, process automation, data analytics, decision support, municipal digital services, digital skills, governance, EU AI Act, Italian Digital Plan, pilot experimentation

Synopsis

This report presents the principal findings of a project conducted between June 2024 and March 2025 involving municipalities—primarily in Lombardy—with the aim of assessing their knowledge and expectations regarding artificial intelligence, as well as taking stock of the current level of adoption of such technologies. The project comprised training activities, an exploratory survey, and the development of a prototype application with potential operational implications for municipal administrations. Although the survey was extended to all municipalities in Lombardy, Veneto, and Emilia-Romagna, only 72 municipalities participated—a figure that, in itself, indicates how distant these issues still are from the day-to-day realities of local government. By contrast, analysis of the questionnaire responses reveals an overall proactive stance: AI is seen as a means to free up resources, extract value from data, and support decision-making. The stated priorities converge along three axes: automation of repetitive processes, large-scale analytics, and the development of decision-support tools. The cautions expressed are judicious, focusing on model transparency and the preservation of human control, both considered indispensable for adoption. In parallel, the pilot initiative led to the development of a prototype for the automatic classification of municipal web pages, aligned with AGID guidelines and designed to enhance accessibility and interoperability. Taken together, the evidence points to a public administration willing to experiment, provided that adequate training is available.

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Author Biographies

Danilo Bruschi, Università degli Studi di Milano

Full professor and director of the Giovanni degli Antoni Department of Computer Science at the University of Milan. He teaches courses in Security and Privacy, Operating Systems Design (Operating Systems I), and Fundamentals of Digital Social Media, and directs the Security and Networks Laboratory (LASER) at the same university. He was director of the Master's Degree in Cybersecurity and President of the Degree Course in Systems and Network Security. One of the first Italian professors to address the issue of cybersecurity, his research focuses on Digital Systems Security, Computer Forensics, Ethical Aspects of Cybersecurity, and Theoretical Foundations of Computer Science.

Alfio Ferrara, Università degli Studi di Milano

Full professor of Computer Science, he conducts research in the field of data science, with particular focus on natural language processing, machine learning, and artificial intelligence at the Giovanni Degli Antoni Department of Computer Science at the University of Milan. He teaches Natural Language Processing and Reinforcement Learning at the same university and coordinates the Data Science Research Center at the University of Milan. He is currently involved in several international research projects on digital humanities. He was one of the promoters of the Master's Degree Course in Data Science and Economics and the Master's Degree in Data Science for Economics, Business, and Finance.

Marzio de Corato, Università degli Studi di Milano

Research Fellow at the Department of Computer Science – University of Milan and adjunct professor at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart (Advanced calculus and stochastic processes). After obtaining a master's degree in physics with honors (specializing in computational matter structure) from the University of Milan-Bicocca, he obtained a Ph.D. in Physics and Nanosciences from the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia with a thesis on ab-initio calculations on the spectroscopy of carbon nanostructures (graphene nanoribbons). He then graduated with honors in Data Science and Economics (LM) from the University of Milan. His research interests focus on cybersecurity, artificial intelligence with a particular interest in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), and information theory.

Silvana Castano , Università degli Studi di Milano
Silvana Castano is a Full Professor of Computer Science at the Department of Computer Science at the University of Milan, where she served as Director from 2017 to 2023. She is Vice Rector for Digital Transformation and Artificial Intelligence at the University of Milan and a member of the Board of Directors of CINI (National Interuniversity Consortium for Informatics). She has been President of GRIN, the Italian Association of university computer science professors. Her research interests include data management and information systems, artificial intelligence, and natural language processing, with applications in digital justice and digital humanities. She has coordinated national and European research projects, including the recent NGUPP Project (Next Generation UPP, PON Governance and Institutional Capacity 2022-2023). She is the author of more than 160 peer-reviewed publications in international journals and proceedings in the field.  

Published

October 16, 2025

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