This Policy Brief, developed by an interdisciplinary research group at the University of Milan, analyses the EU Nature Restoration Regulation (2024/1991), the first binding European framework dedicated to ecological restoration. Combining legal, linguistic, economic, ecological, and philosophical perspectives, it explores how science and policy can jointly address biodiversity loss, balancing environmental, social, and economic goals. It calls for stronger community involvement, evidence-based decision-making, and integrated governance to achieve effective and equitable restoration outcomes. Members of the research group: Paola Catenaccio, Eleonora Ciscato, Francesco Ficetola, Luca Ilahiane, Filippo Itolli, Eduardo Parisi, Diego Rubolini, Paolo Carlo Maria Tremolada, Sara Valaguzza, Nadia von Jacobi